DEMOCRACY ?
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What is Democracy? Why Democracy?
Democracy is a form of government in which the people have the authority to choose their governing legislation . Where people are shared among them are core issues for democratic development , and the constitution . Some issues of democracy are speech , inclusiveness , equality , freedom of assembly and membership consent , right to vote , right to life etc.
And democracy give equal opportunity to all the people of the country to take their decision .
Generally , there are two types of democracy : direct and representatives .
- Direct Democracy ;- In direct democracy , the people directly deliberate and decide on legislature .
- Representative democracy :- In representative democracy , the people elect representatives to deliberate and to decide on legislature .
The most common day to day decision making approach of democratic has been the majority rule . They serve the crucial purpose of inclusivenesss and broader legitimacy on sensitive issues , counterbalancing , majoritarianism etc .
Democracy is a system of processing conflicts in which outcomes depend on what participants do , but single force controls what occurs and its outcomes . Democracy contrast with forms of government where power is either held by an individual , as in an absolute monarchy , or where power is held by the small numbers of individual .
Features of democracy :-
- rulers are elected by the people to take all major decision .
- Elections offer a choice and a fair opportunity to the people to change the current ruler .
- This choice and opportunity is available to all the people on an equal basis and
- The exercise of this choice leads to a government limited by basic rules of the constitution and citizens rights .
- It should rule within limits set by constitutional laws and citizens rights .
- Each adult citizen must have one vote and each vote must have one value .
Measurement of democracy :-
- Freedom in the world published each year by the U.S based Freedom House ranks countries by political rights and civil liberties that are derived in large measure from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights .
- The index of Freedom in the world is an index measuring classical civil liberties published by Canada's Fraser Institute .
Democracy is typically measured aggregately as a macro variable using a single observation for each country and each year . Democracy faces a range of econometric constraints and is limited to basic correlations .
Types of Democracy :
- Direct Democracy :- Direct democracy is a political system where the citizens participate in the decision making personally , contrary to relying on intermediaries or representatives .
- Representative Democracy :- Representative democracy involves the election of government officials by the people being represented . If its head of the state were also called democratically elected then it is called democratic republic .
- Parliamentary :- Parliamentary democracy is a representative democracy where government is appointed by or can be dismissed by representatives as opposed to a " presidential rule " where in the president is both head of state and the head of the government .
- Presidential :- Presidential democracy is a system where the public elects the president through free and fair elections . The president serves as both the head of state and head of government controlling most of the executive powers .
Non - Governmental Democracy :- In non - governmental democracy policy and leadership by voting . Most of the trade unions and cooperatives are governed by democratic elections .
Corporations are controlled by shareholders on the principles of one share , one vote .
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